Transcription translation biology free#

RNA polymerase binds to the non-coding region in front of a gene on one of the DNA strands and uses free nucleotides to produce a complementary mRNA (messenger RNA) strand of the coding part of the gene. RNA polymerase helps make a copy of DNA as mRNA.DNA is a double stranded molecule so it needs to be unzipped to expose one strand. The DNA molecule is unzipped around the gene.Now if the DNA stays in the nucleus, how does it reach the organelles to allow protein synthesis to occur? Transcription RNA is ribonucleic acid – it is similar to DNA but it is single stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.Īn important part of protein synthesis is that the DNA stays in the nucleus. Translation – during which the mRNA attaches to the ribosome, which recruits tRNAs carrying amino acids in order to make a polypeptide.Transcription – during which a strand of mRNA is synthesised from a particular gene template.Protein synthesis occurs in two major phases: Protein synthesis is the process by which the base sequence found in genes on DNA is used to make polypeptides. There is some slightly confusing terminology in this section. DNA provides a template upon which proteins are coded for.

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